CHEMSCAN
  • Applications
    • Municipal Water Monitoring >
      • Ammonia Feed
      • Chloramination Control
      • Chlorination
      • Color Analysis
      • Distribution Monitoring
      • Hardness Monitoring
      • Ion Exchange Breakthrough
      • Natural Organic Matter (NOM) Removal
      • Peak Point Chloramination Control
      • Phosphate Sequesterant Feed Control
      • Reservoir Monitoring
      • Security Monitoring
      • TOC Monitoring
      • Well Blending
    • Wastewater Monitoring and Control >
      • Aeration Control and Energy Cost Reduction
      • Biological Nutrient Removal
      • Biological Phosphorus Removal
      • Chemical Phosphorus Removal
      • Chloramination /Breakpoint Avoidance
      • Chlorination/De-Chlorination
      • De-Nitrification Monitoring
      • Nitrification
      • Nutrient Deficiency Analysis
      • Lagoon Discharge
      • SBR Stage Control
      • TOC Monitoring
      • UV Disinfection Control
    • Industrial Water Treatment >
      • Boiler Water Analysis
      • Cooling Water Analysis (Closed Loop)
    • Industrial Process Monitoring >
      • Electroless Plating
    • ASA Technical Papers (ALL)
    • ChemScan Installation Photos
  • Service
    • Contact Service
    • ChemScan Service Team
    • MSDS
    • Communication Protocols
    • Software Utilities
    • Service Videos
  • Parts
  • Company
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact Form (General Inquiry)
    • Contact Service
    • Application Data Sheet
    • Employment Opportunities
    • Representatives and Distributors
  • Products
    • ChemScan Mini Analyzer >
      • mini oP (Ortho Phosphate)
      • mini oP (Ortho Phosphate) Extended Range
      • mini LoP (Low Ortho Phosphate)
      • mini UV-254
      • mini LowAm (Low Ammonia)
      • mini Mn (Manganese)
      • mini LowMn (Low Manganese)
      • mini LowChlor (Low Chlorine)
      • mini Sulfite
      • mini Mono (Monochloramine)
      • mini FreeAm (Free Ammonia)
      • mini Cu (Copper)
      • mini CrVI
      • mini Low CrVI
      • mini Fe (Iron)
      • mini Ni (Nickel)
      • mini PAA (Peracetic Acid)
      • mini Silica
      • mini ChlorAm
    • ChemScan mini Accessories
    • ChemScan Process Analyzers >
      • ChemScan 2150/S Chloramination Analyzer
      • ChemScan 2150/DC Chem Feed Analyzer
      • ChemScan 2150/N Aeration Rate Analyzer
      • ChemScan 2150/NoP Chem Feed Analyzer
      • ChemScan 2150/NHoP Nutrient Analyzer
      • ChemScan 2150 Process Analyzer
      • ChemScan UV-3150 Process Analyzer
      • ChemScan 4100 Nutrient Control
      • ChemScan 6101 Nutrient Control
    • ChemScan Titrator/ISE Analyzer >
      • For Wastewater
      • For Water
    • ChemScan Analyzer Accessories
    • ChemScan Sensor Family

Chloramination/Breakpoint Avoidance

​​​​Statement of the Problem

Wastewater chloramination is practiced when the effluent must be free of THM's and other disinfection byproducts. It is also practiced at plants that have substantial contact time available (such as in a long discharge pipe) and at plants where chloramine is used to back flush or clean membranes in the treatment process.

Chloramination of wastewater is difficult to control because of the variable concentration of ammonia that may be present in wastewater that has not been fully nitrified during the treatment process. The ammonia concentration is rarely proportionate to the flow rate, thus making flow paced control an unreliable strategy. Nitrate, organics and microbial demand may compete for chlorine, making calculated feed rates unpredictable.

Process Control Strategy

Under variable ammonia conditions, one strategy is to monitor incoming ammonia (prior to a chlorine addition point) and use this information to feed forward a desired addition value for chlorine which has been stochiometrically calculated to produce a desired monochloramine concentration. Some plants choose to fully nitrify the wastewater, then add both ammonia and chlorine. A second sample point at or after the point of chlorine addition is used to verify that the desired monochloramine concentration is being achieved and that the set point for free ammonia following chloramine formation is also as desired (zero or at some minimum value). The desired monochloramine concentration is selected based on the concentration and contact time necessary to assure disinfection of the wastewater.

Apparatus

​ChemScan Process Analyzers are used to measure incoming nutrients prior to chloramine formation and are used to detec free ammonia, monochloramine and totoal chlorine downstream from chloramine formation.

Chloramination/Breakpoint Avoidance, Copyright ChemScan, Inc.​

ChemScan, Inc.
2325 Parklawn Dr., Suite I, Waukesha, Wisconsin, USA 53186
​Phone: 262-717-9500
Toll Free: 800-665-7133

Contact Us

  • Applications
    • Municipal Water Monitoring >
      • Ammonia Feed
      • Chloramination Control
      • Chlorination
      • Color Analysis
      • Distribution Monitoring
      • Hardness Monitoring
      • Ion Exchange Breakthrough
      • Natural Organic Matter (NOM) Removal
      • Peak Point Chloramination Control
      • Phosphate Sequesterant Feed Control
      • Reservoir Monitoring
      • Security Monitoring
      • TOC Monitoring
      • Well Blending
    • Wastewater Monitoring and Control >
      • Aeration Control and Energy Cost Reduction
      • Biological Nutrient Removal
      • Biological Phosphorus Removal
      • Chemical Phosphorus Removal
      • Chloramination /Breakpoint Avoidance
      • Chlorination/De-Chlorination
      • De-Nitrification Monitoring
      • Nitrification
      • Nutrient Deficiency Analysis
      • Lagoon Discharge
      • SBR Stage Control
      • TOC Monitoring
      • UV Disinfection Control
    • Industrial Water Treatment >
      • Boiler Water Analysis
      • Cooling Water Analysis (Closed Loop)
    • Industrial Process Monitoring >
      • Electroless Plating
    • ASA Technical Papers (ALL)
    • ChemScan Installation Photos
  • Service
    • Contact Service
    • ChemScan Service Team
    • MSDS
    • Communication Protocols
    • Software Utilities
    • Service Videos
  • Parts
  • Company
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact Form (General Inquiry)
    • Contact Service
    • Application Data Sheet
    • Employment Opportunities
    • Representatives and Distributors
  • Products
    • ChemScan Mini Analyzer >
      • mini oP (Ortho Phosphate)
      • mini oP (Ortho Phosphate) Extended Range
      • mini LoP (Low Ortho Phosphate)
      • mini UV-254
      • mini LowAm (Low Ammonia)
      • mini Mn (Manganese)
      • mini LowMn (Low Manganese)
      • mini LowChlor (Low Chlorine)
      • mini Sulfite
      • mini Mono (Monochloramine)
      • mini FreeAm (Free Ammonia)
      • mini Cu (Copper)
      • mini CrVI
      • mini Low CrVI
      • mini Fe (Iron)
      • mini Ni (Nickel)
      • mini PAA (Peracetic Acid)
      • mini Silica
      • mini ChlorAm
    • ChemScan mini Accessories
    • ChemScan Process Analyzers >
      • ChemScan 2150/S Chloramination Analyzer
      • ChemScan 2150/DC Chem Feed Analyzer
      • ChemScan 2150/N Aeration Rate Analyzer
      • ChemScan 2150/NoP Chem Feed Analyzer
      • ChemScan 2150/NHoP Nutrient Analyzer
      • ChemScan 2150 Process Analyzer
      • ChemScan UV-3150 Process Analyzer
      • ChemScan 4100 Nutrient Control
      • ChemScan 6101 Nutrient Control
    • ChemScan Titrator/ISE Analyzer >
      • For Wastewater
      • For Water
    • ChemScan Analyzer Accessories
    • ChemScan Sensor Family